In team sports, numbers , commonly referred to as uniform numbers , squad number , jersey number , number shirt , sweater number , or similar (with different naming differences based on sports and territory) is the number imposed on the player's uniform, to identify and differentiate each player (and sometimes others, such as trainers and officials) from others wearing the same or similar uniform. This number is usually displayed on the back of the shirt, often accompanied by a surname. Sometimes it is also displayed on the front and/or arms, or on shorts or a player's headgear. This is used to identify players for officials, other players, official scorers, and spectators; in some sports, it also shows the player's position.
The International Federation of Football History and Statistics, an association of football historians, traces the origins of the figures to an Australian soccer game in 1911 in Sydney, although there is photographic evidence of figures used in Australia in early May 1903. The number of players is used in Queensland vs rugby matches New Zealand was played on July 17, 1897, in Brisbane, Australia, as reported at Brisbane Courier.
Video Number (sports)
Football Association
In association football, numbers are traditionally set based on the position or reputation of players on the pitch, with 11 players starting to play 1-11, and substitute players who charge higher numbers. Goalkeepers will usually wear number 1, then defender, midfielder and advance in ascending order.
The figures assigned to every player in the squad started for the 1954 World Cup, where each person in the 22-man squad in that country put on a certain number for the duration of the tournament. In 1993, the English Football Association switched to a persistent squad number, leaving the mandatory 1-11 usage to start the line-up. It became standard in the FA Premier League in the 1993-94 season, with names printed above the numbers. Most of Europe's top leagues adopt this system over the next five years.
It is common for players to change the numbers within the club as their careers develop. For example, Cesc FÃÆ' bregas was first given the number 57 upon arrival at Arsenal in 2003. In promotion to the first team squad, he was diverted to number 15 before inheriting his choice number 4 after the departure of Patrick Vieira.
A very high number, the most common being 88, is often reserved and used as a placeholder, when new players have been signed and played by managers before having an official squad number. However, in some countries these high numbers are used well, in some cases because the player prefers the number already taken or for other reasons. When joining A.C. Milan; Andriy Shevchenko, Ronaldinho and Mathieu Flamini all use numbers that reflect the year of their birth (76, 80 & 84), because the number they choose is already in use.
Maps Number (sports)
Australian football rules
In Australian rules football, players traditionally put a figure behind their guernseys, although some competitions (WAFL is one example) may feature teams that charge smaller numbers on the front, usually on one side of the chest. The number imposed is usually irrelevant to the player's position on the pitch, although sometimes the club will allocate Guernsey Number 1 or other prestigious numbers to team captains (such as the Richmond football club, who allocate Number 17 to his captain team in honor of Jack Dyer, who wears number it with a difference). Port Adelaide gives the number 1 to the team captain. In situations like this, it is usually for players who release the captain to switch to another.
The AFL clubs generally do not retire numbers (though Geelong is temporarily retired No. 5 between 1998 and 2005 after retirement from Gary Ablett Sr.), but instead will often choose to give their more prestigious numbers to the so-called up-to-to-young or up- and-coming players who are proven to have an appointment and can share certain features with previous users, such as position or style of play. For example, in 2010, Michael Hurley inherited the number 18 jumper left by retired Matthew Lloyd, who effectively kept No. No. guernsey. 18 at the Essendon Square for another era.
Children of famous players will often take their father's number, especially if they play in the same club. Sergio Silvagni and his son, Stephen, for example, both wore Number 1 for Carlton. Matthew Scarlett donned his father John's number 30 in Geelong. In contrast, some well-known players' sons also prefer to take another number in the hope that it will reduce the burden of having to meet high expectations. Notable examples of this are Gary Ablett Jr. in Geelong (wearing Number 29 instead of No. 5 of his father) and Jobe Watson at Essendon, who assigns No. 32 to the Team to support Number 4.
The club will often feature retired champions "forwarding" their famous guernsey numbers to selected successors, usually in ceremonial fashion, such as club functions or press conferences.
The highest number charged in the VFL/AFL game was number 65 by Andrew Witts of Collingwood for seven games in 1985. With the Reserve collapse and Under 19 team it is highly unlikely that any player will play senior football in equal numbers again. The highest number used in the 2011 season is the number 55 for Nathan Ablett in two games for the Gold Coast Suns.
American football
NFL
NFL has used uniform numbers from the beginning; through the 1940s, there was no standard numbering system, and teams were free to calculate their players as they wished. Informal tradition has emerged at a point similar to modern systems; when the All-American Football Conference, which used a very different numbering scheme, joined the NFL in 1950, the resulting confusion forced the combined league to implement the mandatory jersey number assignment system in 1952. The system was updated and made more rigid in 1973, and has been modified a bit since then. The numbers are always worn on the front and back of the players jersey, and so-called "TV numbers" are worn either on the arm or shoulder. Cincinnati Bengals was the last NFL team to wear T-shirts without regular TV numbers in 1980, though since then some NFL teams have been wearing throwback uniforms without them, because their jersey design precedes the introduction of TV numbers. The player's last name, however, is required on all uniforms, even setbacks that precede the last name rule. Since 2008, TV numbers have not been required under NFL rules.
Some uniforms also feature figures either on the front, back, or sides of the helmet (in professional football, this is the most striking uniform worn on the San Diego Chargers "blue powder" uniform). Players often ask NFL for exceptions to the numbering rule; with very few exceptions (see, for example, Keyshawn Johnson), this request is almost always rejected.
Below is the numbering system set by the NFL. This has remained largely unchanged since 1973, although minor changes have been made since then, including opening the 10-19 range for wide receivers in 2004, and opening 40-49 to linebackers by 2015, with the last decision being named "Rules Brian Bosworth ", who wanted to wear 44, but was told to turn it to 55. In the same year, the 50-59 number opened for the defensive midfielder; the first benefactor is Jerry Hughes.
- 1-9 : quarterbacks, kicker and passenger
- 10-19 : quarterback, kicker, passenger and wide receiver
- 20-39 : run back and back defensive
- 40-49 : running back, defensive back, linebacker, and tight end
- 50-59 : linebacker, defensive linemen, and center
- 60-79 : attack linemen and defensive linemen
- 80-89 : wide receiver and tight end
- 90-99 : linebacker and defensive linemen
Nos. 0 and 00 were no longer allowed, but they were expelled in the NFL before the standard number in 1973. George Plimpton wore 0 during a short pre-season task as a quarterback for the Detroit Lions. Jim Otto ("aught-oh") used the number "00" during most of his career with the Oakland Raiders. Wide receiver Ken Burrough of Houston Oilers also wore "00" during the NFL career in the 1970s.
This NFL numbering system is based on the player's main position. Any player who wore any number can play in any position at any time (even if players wearing numbers 50-79 or 90-99 must inform the referee that they are playing outside the position by reporting as "unqualified numbers in positions qualify"). It is not uncommon to run backs lined up in wide receivers on certain dramas, or to have lineman or midfielders play in fullback or tight ends in situations within a short span of time. If a player changes the main position, he does not need to change his number unless he changes from a qualified position to an ineligible or vice versa. In pre-season games, when the team has expanded the roster, players can use numbers that are out of the above rules. When the last 53 players list is set, they are re-issued the numbers in the above guidelines.
Colleges and colleges
In college football and high school football, a less rigid numbering system is used. The only rule is that offensive line members (center, guards, and tackles) who play in the unqualified position (those who may not receive forward feedback) should use numbers between 50 and 79. Informally , certain conventions still apply, and players often use numbers in a range similar to their NFL counterparts; although the lowest is often the highest prestige, and therefore often used by players in any position. Kickers and passengers are usually numbered in the 40's or 90's, which is the least desirable number on the college list. Increased flexibility in NCAA list numbering is required because NCAA rules allow 85 player lists; therefore, teams will often spend the amount available for positions under the NFL rules.
One campus football oddity is that the same squad number can be shared by two (or more) players, for example, offensive and defensive players. Usually one player is a spare reserve but there are exceptions: In the 2009 and 2010 season, the same number (5) worn by South Carolina started quarterback Stephen Garcia and started cornerback Stephon Gilmore. Gilmore was also used as a wildcat quarterback in matches against Clemson in 2009 and Southern Miss in 2010. The player changes, as both players wear the same number, causing some confusion among the opponent's defense, but legitimate, as both players are not in the field on at the same time. In 2012, Number 5 is imposed by two rookies Notre Dame - quarterback Everett Golson and linebacker Manti Te'o.
Baseball
In baseball, players generally wear large numbers behind their jersey. Some shirts may also show smaller numbers in other locations, such as in arms, pants, or the front of a shirt. The goal of numbers in baseball is to facilitate the identification of players. Some players have been heavily linked with certain numbers that their jersey numbers have officially "retired". The first team to retire was New York Yankees, who resigned Lou Gehrig # 4 in 1939.
In the early years of baseball, the team did not wear uniform numbers. The team experimented with uniform numbers during the first two decades of the 20th century, with the first Premier League team to use it as the Indian Cleveland 1916 who used it for several weeks before leaving the experiment. Once again in 1923, St. Louis Cardinals tried uniforms with small numbers on arms, but the players did not like them, and they were removed. For the 1929 Major League Baseball season, both New York Yankees and Cleveland Indians put the numbers on their shirts, the first two teams did, starting a trend that was completed in 1937, when Philadelphia Athletics became the last team to permanently add to the numbers. for their shirts.
There is no system to count players in baseball, although in the early years some teams did use their own systems. The 1929 New York Yankees handing out uniform numbers based on players' positions in batting sequence; that's why Babe Ruth and Lou Gehrig used their famous 3 and 4 numbers; they each annihilated the third and fourth seasons. Numbers 1-8 are assigned to regular beginners in their respective batting order positions, numbers 9 and 10 are assigned to the Yankees of two reserve holders, while pitchers and backup fielders are assigned with higher numbers. Currently there is no rhyme or reason for uniform numbers of players, players can choose their own numbers for personal reasons, or receive numbers assigned by the team.
The catcher Benito Santiago is the only major league baseball player (or major professional sportsman) who is known to have been wearing zero; Santiago wore the number 09 between 1991 and 1994 in an effort to make his uniforms more comfortable. Eddie Gaedel, the dwarf in the center of St. Bill Veeck's Louis Browns, is the only major league known to have worn a fragment ( 1 / 8 , borrowed from Batman Browns) as the number of his back.
Canadian football
Canadian football follows the same general rules as American football, with a few minor exceptions. In the original numbering system, offensive linemen use numbers from 40-69 and 70-79 numbers are allocated to the receiver. The change of rules in 2008 switched the number 40-49 from the offensive linemen to the eligible recipients. Any qualified player, whether he's a quarterback, running back, receiver, or kicker, can use a qualified number. Doug Flutie wore the number 22 of Boston College when he played as a quarterback for BC Lions and No. 20 for Calgary Stampeders. Currently, the numbers 1-49 and 70-89 qualify while 50-69 are not. Numbers 90-99 are generally imposed on defense even though in the early days of the Canadian Football League, the 90s were a common thing on the offense. The number 0 is also allowed in the CFL. The defender can use the number he chooses, regardless of the position he is playing.
Rugby League
In rugby leagues each of the thirteen positions on the field has traditionally had assigned shirt numbers, eg fullback is "1". More recently, numbering squads are used for marketing purposes in Super League competitions. In the Super League every player is given the squad number for the entire season, the first choice of starting line-up at the start of the season will usually be awarded 1-13 but as an exchange (reimbursement) takes place during the game and injuries and so happens during the season, it is unlikely that the amount used players will match the positions they play.
In addition, more teams in Australia and the UK (such as South Sydney Rabbitohs and Warrington), as well as most of the major representative teams, have adopted the "clubcode" cricket habit, in which each player is numbered uniquely in sequence when he makes his first senior appearance for a certain side. These numbers are usually small and embroidered above or below the club's emblem on the player's shirt.
Rugby union
When included in the starting line-up, the player's rugby number usually determines their position. The numbers 1-8 are 'advanced', and 9-15 'backs'. Rugby union even has a position called just after the shirt that is usually worn by the player in the position "Number 8". Some clubs (especially Leicester and Bristol) use letters instead of numbers on t-shirts, although they have now become part of other clubs.
- 1- Free Head Spray
- 2- Whores
- 3 Tighthead Prop
- 4- Key/Second Line
- 5- Second Key/Row
- 6- Blindside flanker ("Openside" in South Africa)
- 7- Openside Flanker ("Blindside" in South Africa)
- 8- Number 8
- 9 - Scrum half
- 10 - Fly half
- 11 - Left winger
- 12 - Inside Center
- 13 - Out of the Center
- 14 - Right wingers
- 15 - Full-back
Gaelic Games
In Gaelic football, hurling and camogie, goalkeepers generally wear number 1 shirts, and other core team members wear numbers 2-15, increasing from right to left and from defense to assault: replacement numbers start at 16.
Cricket
The 1995-96 World Cup in Australia saw the use of the first shirt number in international cricket, with most players setting their numbers and some players started picking their numbers, especially Shane Warne wearing 23 because of his number when he played junior Aussie Rules for St Kilda Football Club. Other countries immediately adopted this exercise, although the players usually have different numbers for each tournament, and that a few years later players will consistently use the same number throughout the year. Ricky Ponting (14) still uses the same number as in the early season.
The numbering of players was first used in the Cricket World Cup in 1999, where the captain wore the number 1 uniform and the other squad members were numbered between 2 and 15. The exception was that South African captain Hansie Cronje retained the regular number 5 with opener Gary Kirsten wearing number 1 which he had also done before.
T-shirt numbers are no longer kept exclusive for short game shapes, and blue numbers are now used in white games in the Sheffield Shield to help viewers distinguish players. However, the recent mode that has been taken by some countries is the process of giving players who make their Test debuts as appearance numbers, along with their Test caps, for reasons of historical continuity. The figure shows how many players have made their Test debut including those who wear them. If two or more players make their debut in the same game, they are numbered alphabetically by family name. For example, Thomas Armitage is the No. 1 Test player for England. He made his debut in the first Test match, against Australia, on March 15, 1877, and was first in alphabetical order in the England team. Mason Crane made his debut for England on January 4, 2018 against Australia; his phone number is 683. These numbers can be found on the player test uniform, but always in the small type up front, and never displayed prominently.
Basket
The American basketball league at all levels traditionally uses single and double digits between 0 and 5 (ie 0, 00, 1-5, 10-15, 20-25, 30-35, 40-45, and 50-55). The NCAA and most amateur competitions mandate that only these numbers are used. This facilitates non-verbal communication between referees, who use fingers to show player numbers, and official goalscorers. In college basketball, the single-digit single-digit number is officially listed as having zero in front. Teams can have "0" or "00", but they can not have both.
Rules about "0" and "00" also apply to the NBA. In 2000, Utah Jazz center Greg Ostertag changed from "00" to "39" so Olden Polynice could use No. 0 and in 2003, Washington Wizards center Brendan Haywood switched from No. 2. 00 to No. 33 so Gilbert Arenas (who has the nickname "Agent Zero" already at this point) can wear # 0. However, during the 2015-16 season, the Denver Nuggets plays with two players each wearing both 0 and 00 (Emmanuel Mudiay and Darrell Arthur), with the Cleveland Cavaliers (Kevin Love and Chris Andersen) and Indiana Pacers (CJ Miles and Aaron Brooks respectively) continue the trend the following season.
The National Basketball Association always allows other numbers between 0 and 99, but the use of numbers 6 to 9 is less common than 0 to 5 because most players tend to keep numbers they previously used on campus. However, with an increasing number of international players, and other players who have been in the national team (FIBA) that changed the NBA team and can not maintain their number with the previous team because other players have been wearing it or have retired, the player has adopted a higher number ( Patrick Ewing with No. 6 in Orlando). When Michael Jordan retired in 1993, the Chicago Bulls retired his 23; when he was out of retirement, he chose to wear 45 until, during 1995 post-season NBA, he returned to his familiar 23. Also, players could not change midseason numbers, but they were once able (Andre Iguodala and Antoine Wright changed from No. 4 and No. 15 being No. 9 and No. 21 for Chris Webber and Vince Carter, respectively). Since Kelenna Azubuike was off all season, Carmelo Anthony was able to use Azubuike's No. 7 when exchanged to the Knicks in 2011, but because Rodney Stuckey was active, Allen Iverson could not use No. 3 in exchange for the Pistons in 2009. (Anthony will not be able to use his normal 15 number and have to swap shirts: Knicks have retired with jersey numbers.)
Until 2014, players in FIBA ​​competitions for the national team, including the Olympics, World Cup and Women's World Championships, should use numbers from 4 to 15. Under FIBA ​​rules, the national federation may also allow numbers with a maximum of 2 digits for their own competition; This rule is also applied in transnational club competitions, especially EuroLeague. Currently, players are allowed any number from 1 to 99, also 0 and 00.
Handball
In handball the amount should be at least 20 cm behind and 10 cm in front.
According to the International Handball Federation, numbers between 1 and 99 should be used.
The goalkeeper often has 12 or 1 numbers which is also common is the number 16.
Field players often have other numbers between 1 and 20. Sometimes players also have the last two digits of their birth year.
Ice Hockey
The first group to use the numbers on the ice hockey player uniform is a matter of some debate. The Pacific Hockey Association is sometimes regarded as the first, but the National Hockey Association, the predecessor of the National Hockey League, is known to have required its players to wear the numbered armbands beginning with the 1911-12 season, which may come first..
The first jersey number retired in professional sports was the NHL player - Ace Bailey, # 6 retired by Toronto Maple Leafs in 1934 after the game ended his career with Eddie Shore during the game against the Boston Bruins in 1933. Shore injured Bailey with the mistaken impression that Bailey had checked it out when it was really fellow Maple Leaf Rod Horner. To help Bailey, NHL held a chance game between Maple Leafs and the all-star team, where Maple Leafs owner Conn Smythe retired his phone number.
National Hockey League
Historically, NHL started the goaltenders wear number 1. The popular belief states that this is because the goaltender is the first player in the arena from the perspective of one standing in front of the net; it is also believed why replacement goaltenders will also use that number. Further use of number 1 among goaltenders can be attributed to traditional observance.
Goaltenders started picking other numbers, inspired by the likes of Toronto Maple Leafs 'Terry Sawchuk and Montreal Canadiens' Patrick Roy, after the NHL mandated that each team has two goaltenders in every game. In 1964, Sawchuk joined the Maple Leafs wearing 24 because the number 1 was already in use, but switched to 30; Roy wears 33 because his team already has players with number 30, starting trend goaltenders using numbers in the 30s. Later, goaltenders began to choose larger varieties of possible numbers for their own reasons, such as Corey Crawford wearing 50 for Chicago Blackhawks, Braden Holtby wearing 70 for the Washington Capital, Sergei Bobrovsky wearing 72 for Columbus Blue Jackets, and Andrei Vasilevskiy wearing 88 for Tampa Bay Lightning. The number 1 becomes less common among the NHL benchmarks, with only seven using it in December 2016, for two reasons - the amount that has retired in honor of previous goaltenders for some franchises, and the number of others becoming more popular among goaltenders as they are more unique. (The Minnesota Wild has also retired the number, but not for players, but rather, in honor of their fan base.)
The NHL no longer allows the use of 0 or 00 because the League database can not register players with such numbers, and in 2000 the League has withdrawn the 99 number for all team members in honor of Wayne Gretzky. The last number not used in the NHL was 84, and Canadiens forward Guillaume Latendresse became the first to wear it at the start of the 2006-07 season.
Auto racing
In most car racing leagues, cars are numbered. But the configuration of the stock car makes the numbers much more prominent. (An aerodynamic open wheel car does not have the average surface count of a car.) Numbers are often identical to the drivers that carry them. Dale Earnhardt, Sr. is associated with number 3 (although the figure is actually more related to the owner, Richard Childress, who has taken reserve amounts for his granddaughter Austin Dillon, first in the World Camping Truck Series, then in Nationwide Series, and finally in Series Cup starting in 2014) while Richard Petty is associated with No. 43, Wood Brothers Racing with Number 21, and Jeff Gordon to Number 24.
NASCAR
In NASCAR, the number is assigned to a owner and not a driver specific. Riders who spend long periods on a racing team often retain their number as long as they drive for the same owner. However, when drivers change teams, they pick up the new numbers owned by the team. Jeff Burton, for example, raced for three different teams between 1994 and 2013, and had four different numbers at the time. In 1994 and 1995 he raced the No. 8 car, which was later owned by Stavola Brothers. From 1996 to mid 2004 he raced for Roush Racing, and drove the No. 99 car. After leaving Roush Racing for Richard Childress Racing, he moved to Number 30 (for the rest of the 2004 season) and drove No. 31 (also RCR) from the year 2005 to 2013. The No. 99 car he used to drive Roush was driven by Carl Edwards from 2004 to 2014. When Dale Earnhardt Jr., after running under No. 8 at the Cup level moved from DEI to Hendrick Motorsports he attempted to take a number with him. When it failed Hendrick was able to secure Number 88 from Robert Yates Racing.
Formula One
Formula One car numbers began to be allocated permanently for the entire season in 1974. Before these numbers were allocated racially by race of each organizer. From 1974 to mid 1990s, numbers 1 and 2 will be allocated to world champions and teammates, swapping places with previous year's champions. Once the amount is allocated, the team retains the same number from year to year, only exchanging for 1 and 2 when the World Championship racer is won. As a result, Ferrari is notorious for having brought 27 and 28 for years (every season from 1980 to 1989, and then again 1991-1995), these numbers were originally allocated to newcomers Williams in 1977 and forwarded to Ferrari when Alan Jones replaced Jody Scheckter as a World Champion after the 1980 season. The numbers were re-allocated occasionally when the team went and joined in the series, but the scheme survived until the late 1990s; one team, Tyrrell, kept the same number (3 and 4) during this period for each season between 1974 and 1995.
This system changed again in 1996. From that point to 2013, the number is set every year, first to the ruling World Champion (who receives number 1) and then his team-mates (who receives number 2); after which the numbers are given to the constructors in order in accordance with their position in the Constructors Championship of the previous season, so the amount is allocated (if the defending champion does not drive for the reigning constructors champion team) of 3 and 4, 5 and 6, and so on ( missed 13 with the seventh-placed team using 14 and 15). The only provision is that the World Champion Racer is entitled to car number 1 regardless of the result of his constructor; this is relevant when the winning driver's team fails to win the Constructors' Championship, or if the winning driver changes the team after winning the championship - for example, when Damon Hill moved to the Arrows team for the 1997 season. This situation happened again in 2007 when 2006 champion Fernando Alonso left Renault to join McLaren, get him and his teammate, Lewis Hamilton, number 1 and 2; and again in 2010 when Jenson Button moved to McLaren from Brawn GP.
If a driver wins the World Championship but does not defend his title the following season, the tradition states that the number 1 is not allocated; the ruling World Champion constructor then received the numbers 0 and 2. Damon Hill received the car number 0 in 1993 due to Nigel Mansell's move to the Indy Car World Series PPG CART in the US, and again in 1994, this time due to his retirement Alain Prost. This tradition does not always exist; Ronnie Peterson received number 1 in 1974; Although he did not win the championship the previous year, due to his retirement Jackie Stewart, his Lotus team was allowed to retain Number 1 because they had won the constructors' title.
The 2014 season is the first with a new system, in which drivers are numbered for their entire career. Under this system, similar to those used in MotoGP, drivers can choose a number (available) from 2 to 99, with number 1 reserved for the reigning General Champion. The champion's "regular" number is placed as a backup while the driver uses number 1, preventing other drivers from using the number. Since Jules Bianchi's fatal crash at Suzuka in 2014, Formula One has yet to issue the 17 Bianchi numbers as a sign of respect.
A similar system is used in many European-style championships at the national and international level; the champion receives the number 1, and the other is allocated either by the placement of the driver in the previous season (the third place of the previous year is equivalent to race number 3) or by the placement of teams in the Team/Pembina championship. If the championship driver does not return, the winning team will be allowed to use the number 1.
IndyCar
During the era of USAC Indy car racing, it was traditional for defending champions to bring the No 1 during the season. This rule has one exception; at the Indianapolis 500. The 500th Indy 500 winner traditionally used the No. 1 in Indy 500 in a given year. The defending national champions have to choose different car numbers for Indy only, unless he happens to also be a surviving Indy 500 winner, sometimes exchanging numbers with other affected riders. There are special exceptions to the rule, as some defending champions decide not to use Number 1, preferring to retain their identity with their favorite number.
During the CART era, the 1-12 car numbers were assigned based on the final points standings last season. Number 13 is not allowed, and starting in 1991, No. 14 was officially assigned to A. J. Foyt Enterprises. The rest of the numbers 15-99 are generally allocated to the whole team based on the order of arrival, first-served. Once again in Indianapolis alone, Number 1 was set aside for use by the defending champion Indy 500, if he chose to use it, as it was a race approved by USAC.
Some teams in the order of 12 choose not to use the specified number, instead of choosing a personal favorite number. For example, Penske has used 2 and 3 since 1994. Also, Newman-Haas Racing swapped # 2 with Walker Racing to get # 5 after Nigel Mansell joined the team in 1993, # 5 has been a long-used number in Formula One. The "Unused" numbers from 1-12 are returned to the public pool, and can be used by the remaining team.
In the current IndyCar era, No. 1 set aside for use by the previous season's championship entry. However, the majority of champions since 1998 have ignored the tradition. Teams and/or sponsors often ask to keep their normal numbers to maintain their team identity, similar to NASCAR, and some drivers have used their car numbers on social media accounts. The IndyCar 1998 championship team is AJ Foyt Enterprises, which maintains the traditional # 14, while Panther Racing retains the # 4 number identified by minority team owner Jim Harbaugh, who wears # 4 for most of his NFL career (except for his year at Charlotte, at where John Kasay wore that number, he wore Foyt # 14). In one case, at Indianapolis 500 in 2012, national defending champion Dario Franchitti, who normally uses # 10 and is eligible for # 1, opted to use # 50 on the race for the 50-year commemorative Target sponsor, who has been owner of Chip Ganassi car since 1990.
In the 2009 Firestone Indy 300, British driver Alex Lloyd used the 40202 number, referring to the phone text message number of a campaign to donate to Susan G. Komen for Cure.
Other sports
Other sports featuring players with numbered shirts, but the numbers that may be worn irrelevant to the player's position and role are:
- Athletics
- Cycling
- Hockey field
- Lacrosse
- Roller derby
- Volleyball
In water polo, players wear swimming caps with numbers. Under FINA rules, the first goalkeeper wears Number 1, the replacement goalkeeper wears Number 13, and the remaining players use the number 2 though 12. In road cycling, the number is assigned to the cycling team by race officials, meaning they change from race to race. Each team has a number in the same group of ten, excluding multiples of ten, for example 11 to 19 or 21 to 29. If the race has a team smaller than nine, each still uses a number from the same group of ten, perhaps 31 through 36 in which the next squad will have 41 to 46. Usually, but not always, riders who use numbers ending in 1 are team leaders and people who will try to put a high overall. If the defending champion is in the field, he wears the number 1.
In the floorball all players are required to have numbers between 1-99 in their jersey, but the goal is the only player who can use the number 1.
Retired number
Stopping an athlete's uniform number is an honor given by the team to the player, usually after the player leaves the team, withdraws from the game, or has died. After the pension number, no future players from the team can use that number, unless the player gets permission. Such honor can also be given to players whose career ends with serious injury. In some cases, the number can be retired in honor of anyone other than the player, such as manager, owner or fan. For example, the Boston Celtics retired the number 1 squad to honor the original owner of the Walter A. Brown team.
See also
- The number of competitions in individual sports
References
External links
- English football experiment with numbering
- The article on The Guardian about the number 1 shirt
- Overcompetitive.com - see the tongue-in-cheek on tradition behind the numbers 1 through 11 in football
- Baseball Hall of Fame, with uniform number
- Retirement number for NFL franchise
- More than just numbers? The importance of the squad number.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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